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Theory of Constraints, or TOM, is a management philosophy developed by Dr Eliyahu Goldratt and Dr. J. Cox in their A seminal publication. It posits that any process, regardless of its scale, has inherent restrictions that restrict its performance. The core idea of TOC is to identify these constraints to maximize productivity.

Key Components of TOF include the Chain of Production and the Goal of the System Optimization.

The Process Efficiency Optimization is built around five main foundations:

1. Focus on the end-user and their expectations. Identifying the ultimate goal is key, the stakeholder is truly focused on how a product is used, not the process of manufacturing themselves.
2. Identify the limitation is key. This, as we have already discussed, will be your main hurdle in achieving the objective.
3. Maximize productivity by managing the limitation. Focus on where your production is having the most delay or major problems and fix that issue first.
4. Respect the system, even with fewer buffers. Part of TOF's objective involves learning to predict how a process will react to adaptations and minimizing changes. Therefore, anticipate when challenges arise.
5. Elevate the constraint, or decouple it. This involves making changes to your operation so limitations are no longer a barrier. Utilizing other methods to decouple one stage of a chain being the main focus.

Using TOF to identify and manage the limitation requires following a two-step procedure: Buffer Inventory" stage, A Two-Stage Procedure.

In order to succeed with TOC, the practitioner first needs to follow these tasks:
1. Determine all the steps in producing a service.
2. Identify flow times 5S for improvement each unit in these processes.
3. Use a Gantt chart to highlight periods for production time was wasted.
4. Gather data of everything the team may use to track the system.
5. Collect information to calculate stabilizers necessary to keep supply chain recovery.

The "Exploit the Constraint" stage, Maximizing Output After all these things happen, successful change will occur where employees and the rest all work together, supporting the barrier and driving productivity.

Applying TOC involves practical steps to ensure you successfully set up your approaches for identifying constraints and to ultimately meet their goals.

1. Prioritize tasks to improve the barrier or solve it.
2. Monitor constraints as often as possible.
3. Make anticipations about the results prior to making actions.

In order to successfully use the Process Efficiency Optimization, an expert on the system needs to be educated and on board in order for a full integration of the system.