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Nor سعر الذهب في الكويت did this imply solely the local welfare of the papacy, the great order and peace of the Patrimony of Peter. Though not all are present in anybody narrative, there is no good purpose for doubting their normal accuracy. But are they the stuff of fantasy? Kleinclausz (l'Empire Carolingien, سعر الذهب في الكويت etc., Paris, 1902, 441 sqq.) denies the authenticity of the well-known letter (871) of Emperor Louis II to the Greek Emperor Basil (through which the former recognizes totally the papal origin of his own imperial dignity), and attributes it to Anastasius Bibliotheca in 879. His arguments are weak; the authenticity is admitted by Gregorovius and O. Harnack. Peter and Paul, the pope approached him, placed upon his head the imperial crown, did him formal reverence after the historical method, saluted him as Emperor and Augustus and anointed him, whereas the Romans current burst out with the acclamation, thrice repeated: "To Carolus Augustus crowned by God, mighty and pacific emperor, be life and victory" (Carolo, piisimo Augusto a Deo coronato, magno et pacificio Imperatori, vita et victoria). Despite the earlier goodwill and assist of the papacy, the Emperor of Constantinople, respectable heir of the imperial title (he nonetheless known as himself Roman Emperor, and his capital was formally New Rome) had lengthy proved incapable of preserving his authority within the Italian peninsula.

However, the event of Christmas Day, 800, was long resented at Constantinople, where finally the successor of Charles was occasionally called "Emperor", or "Emperor of the Franks", however never "Roman Emperor". However, there appears no motive to doubt that for سعر الذهب اليوم في الكويت a while earlier the elevation of Charles had been discussed, both at residence and at Rome, especially in view of two details: the scandalous situation of the imperial government at Constantinople, and the acknowledged grandeur and solidity of the Carolingian home. It could also be noted here that the chroniclers of the ninth century deal with as "restitution" to St. Peter the assorted cessions and grants of cities and territory made at this interval by the Carolingian rulers inside the limits of the Patrimony of Peter. Suffice it so as to add right here that while the imperial consecration made him in theory, what he was already in fact, the principal ruler of the West, and impropriated, because it have been, within the Carolingian line the majesty of historic Rome, it also lifted Charles without delay to the dignity of supreme temporal protector of Western Christendom and specifically of its head, the Roman Church.

Baluze, I, 247, 341, 345); additionally that after the ceremony he made very rich gifts to the Basilica of St. Peter, and that on the same day the pope anointed (as King of the Franks) the younger Charles, son of the emperor and at that time most likely destined to succeed in the imperial dignity. Leo was sent again to Rome escorted by royal missi; the insurgents, totally frightened and unable to persuade Charles of the pope's iniquity, surrendered, and the missi sent Paschalis and Campulus, nephews of Adrian I and ringleaders against Pope Leo, to the king, to be dealt with at the royal pleasure. Charles, it is true, after his imperial consecration exercised virtually at Rome his authority as Patricius, or protector of the Roman Church. This (the Duchy of Rome and the Exarchate) he significantly omitted from the partition of the Frankish State made on the Diet of Thionville, in 806. It's to be famous that in this public division of his estate he made no provision for the imperial title, additionally that he dedicated to all three sons "the defence and protection of the Roman Church".

In any case, since the Donation of Pepin (752) the pope was formally sovereign of the duchy of Rome and the Exarchate; therefore, aside from its effect on his shadowy claim to the sovereignty of all Italy, the Byzantine ruler had nothing to lose by the elevation of Charles. This resolution produced a domino impact. In reality this Roman patriciate, both below Pepin and Charles, was no more than a excessive protectorship of the civil sovereignty of the pope, whose native independence, each earlier than and after the coronation of Charles, is historically certain, even other than the aforesaid imperial charters. It is certain that Charles always attributed his imperial dignity to an act of God, made identified in fact through the company of the Vicar of Christ (divino nutu coronatus, a Deo coronatus, in "Capitularia", ed. Charles received the Vicar of Christ with all due reverence. Long before this event Pope Adrian I had conferred (774) on Charles his father's dignity of Patricius Romanus, which implied primarily the safety of the Roman Church in all its rights and privileges, above all in the temporal authority which it had steadily acquired (notably in the previous Byzantine Duchy of Rome and the Exarchate of Ravenna) by just titles within the course of the two previous centuries.

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