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The first organized international competitors involving winter sports activities was introduced just 5 years after the birth of the modern Olympics in 1896. This competition, the Nordic Games, included only athletes from the Scandinavian countries and was held quadrennially in Sweden, starting in 1901. Figure skating was included in the Olympics for the primary time within the 1908 Summer Games in London, although the skating competition was not really held till October, some three months after the other events had been over. British, Canadian, and (starting in September 1941) United States escorts, at first pitifully few, confronted aggressive and persistent U-boat activity. In November 1917 he started to move southward throughout Portuguese East Africa (Germany had declared conflict on Portugal in March 1916), and, after crossing again into German East Africa in September 1918, he turned southwestward to invade Northern Rhodesia in October. In Jiaozhou (Kiaochow) Bay a small German enclave on the Chinese coast, the port of Qingdao (Tsingtao) was the object of Japanese assault from September 1914. With some help from British troops and from Allied warships, the Japanese captured it on November 7. In October, in the meantime, the Japanese had occupied the Marianas, the Caroline Islands, and the Marshalls within the North Pacific, these islands being defenseless for the reason that departure of Admiral von Spee’s naval squadron.

Both the Japanese and the British Royal Air Force suffered significant losses in March 1944. Read about these and other World War II occasions in the subsequent part. Conspicuously absent from the Alpine occasions have been 1980 gold medalists Ingemar Stenmark (Sweden) and Hanni Wenzel (Liechtenstein), who were thought-about professionals and were thus banned from Olympic competitors. Within the men’s competitors Scott Hamilton (U.S.) edged out Brian Orser (Canada) to win the gold price today. The win for Iceland came on board 4, however not with out luck. Irina Slutskaya, the favorite within the women’s competitors, had to settle for the bronze medal after Japan’s Arakawa Shizuka gave a dazzling efficiency to win her nation’s first gold medal in that event. The Alpine competitors was marked by the surprising success of the Austrian skiers, who won 14 medals in all, together with gold medals within the women’s downhill and super-G by Michaela Dorfmeister, and by the disappointing efficiency of the American staff led by World Cup champion Bode Miller, who was entered in five occasions but earned no Olympic medals. Within the men’s occasions Gaétan Boucher (Canada) captured two gold medals and one bronze. In the observe occasions the Kenyan men’s crew gained four of the six distance races.

June 14: Free French leader General Charles de Gaulle returns to France some four years after the Nazi occupation despatched him into exile. From 1928 the Winter Games have been held each four years in the identical calendar yr as the Summer Games. Within four years, nonetheless, new facilities had been constructed, and lodging had been made to support two million visitors. The financial hegemon of the time when the gold mark was in use, however, was the pound sterling, with the sovereign (£1) being valued at 20.Forty three gold marks. On the 1976 Olympic Games in Montreal, nonetheless, Karppinen beat Kolbe by more than two seconds to take the gold medal. The general outcomes had been predictably lopsided, with Americans earning more than three-fourths of the 95 usd gold price medals and more than 230 medals in all. Follow more World War II events of April and should 1940, including Nazi Germany's invasion of the Low Countries, on the next web page. The following year the IOC altered its charter to create a separate Winter Olympics. The pictures of the moon and planets are produced by separate projection devices mounted on a body between the 2 star spheres. Two years later an settlement was reached to have fun an IOC-sanctioned International Winter Sports Week.

Thereafter the Winter and Summer Games were each held quadrennially, alternating in even-numbered years. The Games staged in St. Moritz, Switzerland, in 1928 were formally designated the second Winter Olympics. Egypt, the British Virgin Islands, Monaco, Puerto Rico, and Senegal made their Winter Olympics debuts as a Winter Games-document number of national Olympic committees (49) competed at Sarajevo. The awarding of the 14th Winter Olympics to Sarajevo (now in Bosnia and Herzegovina) caught many by surprise, together with the host nation, which went to work building new amenities and making enhancements to others in order to accommodate the Games. German velocity skater Claudia Pechstein gained two medals in Turin, bringing her career complete to 9 and making her the top medal winner in her sport’s Olympic historical past. Zoltán Halmay of Hungary and Charles Daniels of the United States every won two gold medals in particular person swimming, whereas Emil Rausch of Germany won three. Janet Evans of the United States gained three swimming occasions.

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